Четыре типа людей, проявляющих неспособность понять концепцию природы будды

Of the desire-bound, the mistaken, Shravakas and Pratyekabuddhas respectively. The
causes of purification are four qualities: strong aspiration for Dharma and so on.
Of those with great desire, of tirthikas, Shravakas and Pratyekabuddhas. The cause that
purifies [all these veils] consists of the four qualities [of the path], which are outstanding
devotion and so on.


There are four obscurations that are wrapping the kham, the Buddha-nature.
1. Aggression towards the Dharma, for example towards the Mahayana path.
The usage of the word ‘aggression’ here is quite interesting. Ordinary people
have this obscuration. For example, we don’t want to hear that we will die
one of these days, or that we are getting old every minute. That is the
aggression. It’s a sort of denial.
2. Attachment or clinging to the self.
3. Fear towards samsara, and therefore a desire to attain nirvana.
4. The fourth one is very special to Maitreya, and not included in many other
Mahayana shastras. The fourth obscuration is not relying on actions to
benefit sentient beings.


The obscurations are found in different beings. Those who have desire, referring
to sentient beings like us, have the first obscuration. Extremists (muthekpa) – we
could say non-Buddhists, but we have to be politically correct here – have the
second. Shravakas have the third, and Pratyekabuddhas have the fourth. And in
order to dispel these four obscurations, Bodhisattvas apply four different kinds of
Dharma.
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