Что такое концепция?

Например, очень часто "авикальпа", переводимое мало-обученными переводчиками, как "отсутствие концепций", на деле означает "отсутствие превратных представлений".

3. (ii) IN WHAT SENSE IS IT UNDERSTANDING? It is understanding (paññá) in the sense
of act of understanding (pajánana).1 What is this act of understanding? It is
knowing (jánana) in a particular mode separate from the modes of perceiving
(sañjánana) and cognizing (vijánana). [437] For though the state of knowing
(jánana-bháva) is equally present in perception (saññá), in consciousness
(viññána), and in understanding (paññá), nevertheless perception is only the
mere perceiving of an object as, say, blue or yellow; it cannot bring about the
penetration of its characteristics as impermanent, painful, and not-self.
Consciousness knows the objects as blue or yellow, and it brings about the
penetration of its characteristics, but it cannot bring about, by endeavouring, the
manifestation of the [supramundane] path. Understanding knows the object in
the way already stated, it brings about the penetration of the characteristics, and
it brings about, by endeavouring, the manifestation of the path.

4. Suppose there were three people, a child without discretion, a villager, and a
money-changer, who saw a heap of coins lying on a money-changer’s counter. The
child without discretion knows merely that the coins are figured and ornamented,
long, square or round; he does not know that they are reckoned as valuable for
human use and enjoyment. And the villager knows that they are figured and
ornamented, etc., and that they are reckoned as valuable for human use and
enjoyment; but he does not know such distinctions as, “This one is genuine, this is
false, this is half-value.” The money-changer knows all those kinds, and he does so
by looking at the coin, and by listening to the sound of it when struck, and by
smelling its smell, tasting its taste, and weighing it in his hand, and he knows that
it was made in a certain village or town or city or on a certain mountain or by a
certain master. And this may be understood as an illustration.

5. Perception is like the child without discretion seeing the coin, because it
apprehends the mere mode of appearance of the object as blue and so on.
Consciousness is like the villager seeing the coin, because it apprehends the
mode of the object as blue, etc., and because it extends further, reaching the
penetration of its characteristics. Understanding is like the money-changer
seeing the coin, because, after apprehending the mode of the object as blue, etc.,
and extending to the penetration of the characteristics, it extends still further,
reaching the manifestation of the path.

That is why this act of understanding should be understood as “knowing in a
particular mode separate from the modes of perceiving and cognizing.” For that is
what the words “it is understanding in the sense of act of understanding” refer to.

6. However, it is not always to be found where perception and consciousness are.2
[438] But when it is, it is not disconnected from those states. And because it cannot
be taken as disconnected thus: “This is perception, this is consciousness, this is
understanding,” its difference is consequently subtle and hard to see. ...

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